Slow and Gradual Weight Loss Diets, using the USDA's Food Pyramid as a Safety Reference
The American Heart Association - Guidelines for Weight Management


Dr Mehmet Oz - Make Half of Every Meal Fruits and Vegetables


The Mayo Clinic - Weight Loss Basics, Strategies and Diet Plans
Dr David L Katz, "The Way to Eat", Yale University Press, SourceBooks Inc, Publishers
Additional
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references
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The United States Department of
Agriculture
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The Mayo Clinic
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 Nutrition Facts summary :
The average common recipe yields over 640 Kcalories: 36.0% KCal from fat, 44.0% KCal from carbohydrate and 20.0% KCal from Protein
Total Calories
% of Calories from Fat
% of Calories from Carbohydrate
% of Calories from Protein
 Compared with average, common recipe :
for Heart Health Diets
 368 K Cal 
 16.0 % cal
 53.0 % cal
 30.0 % cal
 Nutrition Facts summary :
Total Calories
% of Calories from Fat
% of Calories from Carbohydrate
% of Calories from Protein
for Diabetes Diets
 Nutrition Facts summary :
Total Calories
% of Calories from Fat
% of Calories from Carbohydrate
% of Calories from Protein
Weight Loss - Management Diets
 490 K Cal 
 33.0 % cal
 41.0 % cal
 26.0 % cal
  377 K Cal 
 19.0 % cal
 52.0 % cal
 30.0 % cal
hM notes are in red.
Use SMALL amounts of mono or poly - unsaturated fats, avoid saturated and trans fats. ( hM )
Try using fat-free or very-low fat dairy products. ( hM )
Consider increasing the ratio of plant based protein while decreasing meat protein. ( hM )
Consider increasing the intake of
vegetables by 10 to 40% from your actual level.
Decrease the intake of carbs by
10 to 40%, according to your needs.
Do NOT eliminate carbs. Please do this reasonably. ( hM )
Designing a Healthy Weight Loss Diet
using the USDA's Food Pyramid as a Safety Reference
1- ABSTRACT / Introduction

NOTE: This article is NOT about "fast" weight loss. It is about slow, gradual and realistic weight loss.

If you have been planning to design a winning weight loss diet plan for yourself, it is well worth the effort to look at the USDA's Food Pyramid as a guide for nutritional balance and safety. The reason is quite obvious: the very best weight management plans rely mostly, if not only, on balanced nutrition and nothing else, not on senseless "magical" trends. For example, removing one food group from the diet, completely or almost completely, is generally not a good idea and does not produce better results on the long term.

A deficient weight loss or weight management diet, though trendy, entails deficient nutrition... which in turn may end up being detrimental to your general health and well being. When some of the essential nutrients necessary to maintain good health are not supplied to the organism, there is a "health" price to be paid.
2- REQUIREMENTS : Conversely, a balanced and healthy weight loss plan or diet will deliver complete and healthy nutrition. It should also be pleasant AND easy for you to adhere to. In other words, to be successful the meals included in your diet should be the "yummy" type. Your diet should be fun. If it is not, make the necessary improvements, staying within the appropriate requirements. and conditions. Before we start designing a diet, let's see what the requirements for slow and gradual weight loss are:

A- A weight loss diet should provide all of the nutrients necessary to the maintenance of good health. This is where the USDA's Food Pyramid becomes a wonderful planning tool. The Food Pyramid was invented specifically to that end: a general nutritional guideline as to what proportions of each food group should be part of the daily diet. At the time of its conception, its purpose was to remedy deficient nutrition, which was quite generalized in those days.

Especially for long-term weight management purposes, it will be primordial for you to know where you can cut safely and where NOT to cut. One should ensure that the total of all the components of meal, from soup or entree to dessert, include the proper ratio of protein, carbohydrate, vegetables and fruits, essential fatty acids (in moderation), vitamins, minerals and fiber. In this endeavour, you will quickly find the USDA's Food Pyramid to a very handy safety reference.

B- A good weight loss or weight management diet should be customized to meet YOUR needs. YOU are not a hypothetical person. You have your own metabolism, your own needs and your very own preferences. Therefore, this diet plan should take into account your height, your Ideal BMI ( Body Mass Index), your level of activity, lifestyle and...your preferences. Designing a plan for a hypothetical person is better than nothing, but designing a weight loss diet for you and only you will be much better and much more fun to follow. This weight loss plan would be realistic. You may gain by forgetting the words "fast weight loss" and by aiming for a low, steady or gradual approach. Since you have made it pleasurable, you now have the chances of succeeding even on the long term.

C- Your weight loss diet plan should be free or very inexpensive. At heartMonitron, we believe that the best resources for mastering weight issues come from either official, government funded institutions or academic and scientific organizations. Credit cards and bank accounts were not invented as tools to lose or control weight. If anybody wants you to hurry up fork money right away while the supposedly magic pills are "on special" and promises you will "lose a hundred real fast", he or may not have a hundred pounds in mind. It may mean you are about to lose a hundred dollars real fast. The USDA's Food Pyramid is FREE and is a reliable United States Government resource.

There are basically two types of dietary plans you can design:


In the loss period, you will want to create a reasonable and bearable deficit in calories. That is to say the energy you derive from food minus the energy you spend is slightly less than your actual energy requirements. You will then gradually and comfortably see your weight go down. In the weight control or management phase, the energy taken in and the energy spent are made to be equal. You will then maintain your ideal or healthy target weight
3- THE FOOD PYRAMID, DESIGNING A WEIGHT LOSS or MANAGEMENT DIET
Let us first have quick glance at the USDA's Food Pyramid
The above groups illustrate the food groups necessary for the maintenance of good health. They are displayed according to volume criteria. Hence, the fats at the top should be had only in small quantities while the cereal group at the bottom represents the largest part of the food intake.
Suppressing one group completely would be unwise. For instance, eliminating the carbohydrate group (bread, cereals, rice and pasta) at the base of the pyramid would force your body to furiously metabolise fats and proteins. This is a very bad idea for one's glycaemia (blood sugar levels), neither is it a good idea for the good health of your kidneys. Reducing overall portion size is a better idea. A good weight loss or weight management plan must not compromise your health or have you walk around feeling hungry and weak all the time.
 
4- USING THE FOOD PYRAMID: So how to go about it then ?

Let us assume, for example, that you have been ingesting 2,500 Calories a day for the past ten years. Assuming you have determined your ideal weight to require 2,000 Cal/day, you have been taking in an excess 500 Calories every day. That works out to an excess of 1,825,500 KCalories in that period. Not knowing what else to do with the surplus, your body did what it is genetically programmed to do. It put it away and stored it somewhere... in the form of fat for use in times of famine. That mechanism worked fine for our ancestors during the Stone Age. They had to hunt their next meal and sometimes live on the reserves of fat until they were successful in finding food. As for us, we drive to the supermarket and fill up our fridges. Time to make the adjustments we have forgotten to make. These adjustments should be of the comfortable type. Let us create a "Small and Realistic Deficit We Can Easily Live With". Let us say the energy requirements for ideal weight ( 2,000 Cal/day) less 250 or 300 Calories. That yields an energy intake of 1,700 Cal for a while. Since it is less than the requirements, it will induce a gradual weight loss while being comfy.

But where does one cut the intake of calories ?

Looking back at the Food Pyramid, the four most suitable candidates for reduction are:

A- The FATS GROUP at the top of the pyramid.

Some fats are necessary; these are the mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats such as the ones found in canola and olive oil. However some other fats are of no known use to the body such as the trans-fats and the saturated fats. Like the ones found in wieners or fast food pastries. At 9 Cal per gram, doing away with 10 grams of trans- or saturated fat per meal does away with 270 Cal/day - provided we do not replace it with scoops of other fats. That is one simple healthy way towards weight loss. When making your purchases, compare the nutrition labels of similar products for total calories and fat contents. You will be amazed at the differences.
Note that, of all the elements present in our plates, the saturated fats (and trans-) are the ones with the least of nutritional value. In an official scientific statement released by The American Heart Association, describing saturated fats, you will read the words "No Known Value" - AHA, 2007. In fact saturated and trans fats are known to promote the synthesis of LDL-Cholesterol (bad) by the liver. The obvious conclusion from the above is that reducing the amount of saturated fat diets and eliminating trans-fats is most appropriate for the purpose of achieving weight loss.

B- the SWEETS GROUP also at the top of the pyramid

Do we really and absolutely need that grossly oversized and sugar-rich bottle of cola at the end of a meal? Finding a more suitable thirst quencher may do away with as much as 500 Calories a day if you are used to having more than one a day. Since weight loss is really about subtracting a reasonable amount of calories from your diet while maintaining good nutritional balance, going after the empty calories first will a wise way to go. Empty calories are found in those foods that supply you with large amounts of calories and very little else in terms of nutrition. A large bottle of cola, for instance, is nothing but water with a large amount of sugar-laden syrup, artificial flavour and/or chemicals. It contains no protein, vitamins, minerals or fiber. Just a whole lot of empty calories. The oversized sugar-laden and saturated fat-laden doughnut at the fast food outlet is another example of a filler with a dismal nutritional value. You can safely conclude that along with the saturated fats, the empty calories from worthless sweets can be a prime target in designing your winning weight loss diet. There is a good reason why these elements are at the top of the Food Pyramid, occupying a very small volume.

C- Small changes in the PROTEIN GROUP

Increasing the amount of plant-based protein ( as in chick peas, kidney beans, soy products...etc.) will supply you with lean protein. Meat-based protein comes with a lot of fat. Replacing 50% of animal protein with the plant-based protein will go a long way to insure weight loss. Another 200 Cal done away with ? This replacement is also a great idea once you have achieved your healthy weight. It will help keep the unwanted extra pounds from coming back again.

D- Small changes in the CARBOHYDRATE GROUP.

Some MINOR reduction ( 20% ) or so might be advisable. Remember : you need carbs to be able to function. Your engine will not run well on an empty tank. Trying to design a weight loss or management diet around the total suppression of carbs may not be the wisest thing you can do. Try to use the Food pyramid proportions for general guidance. Remember they put the carbs at the base of the pyramid with the largest volume for a reason. So let us be reasonable in carb reduction. Choosing wholegrain carb sources is very highly recommended.

E- Increase amounts of the VEGETABLE and FRUIT GROUP

The servings in the vegetable and fruit group should be increased ( NOT Potatoes ! ) They will bring you plenty of good phytonutrients, anti-oxidants, vitamins and minerals. The fiber they contain will slow down the absorption of glucose and will help to achieve a feeling of satiety and keep you from feeling hungry. Remember that some fruits (especially fruit salads in syrup) contain more sugar than others. Be choosy. Good amounts of fiber-rich non-starchy vegetables will restore the volume of a meal, provide you with a feeling of satiety and put you well on your way towards healthy weight loss.

A PRACTICAL EXAMPLE: Finally, in this endeavour of designing your own slow, gradual and steady weight loss diet or weight management plan, remember to design a plan that is pleasant to follow. The more fun it is, the more you will love it ant the more you will stick to it. Regularity will be dependant on realistic goals. The hardest and most important part, of this exercise may be the "making it pleasant or fun" part. To this end, we include an example. Let us say you just love spaghetti. So, guess what ? Yes you can have spaghetti. Below is the nutritional summary of the spaghetti Bolognese sauce found in the recipes of the hM NUTRITION JOURNAL. Just compare the numbers with the average restaurant recipe ( 377 KCal as opposed to 640 Cal for the traditional recipe).
Bon Appetit !
REFERENCES:
1- The United States Department of Agriculture, "The Food Pyramid"
2- William L Schneider, "Nutrition Concepts and Applications", McGraw-Hill, Publishers
3- The Mayo Clinic, "Weight Loss " www.mayoclinic.com
Guidelines:
4- http://www.joslin.org/755_2541.asp - An online Guide to weight loss for diabetics published by the Joslin Center (Affiliated with the Harvard Medical School)
5- http://www.johnshopkinshealthalerts.com/reports/nutrition_weight_control/1943-1.html?CMP=OTC-RSS

"Seven Strategies for Weight Loss, By The Johns Hopkins Center
Consulting a nutrition professional such as a registered dietitian is recommended. Registered Dietitians have studied the science of nutrition in a recognized college or university. They specialize in health care matters. Dietitians are the best qualified professionals to help you plan a balanced diet and suggest healthy recipes or healthy cooking methods suitable to improve your health condition. There is no association between the ADA and hM.
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Johns Hopkins - Putting Portion Control to the Test
Oprah.com - (DR. Oz): Ten Rules to Eating Right, Make Half of Every Meal Fruits and Vegetables
The Mayo clinic - The Mayo Clinic Healthy Weight Pyramid, A Sample Menu
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The heartMonitron Journals - Published for Educational Purposes, only your Doctor can provide advice The hM MedJOURNALS contain articles, news and recipes relative to Health Care and Improvement, Nutrition, the Management of Coronary Heart Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, High Cholesterol, weight loss and the Maintenance of a Healthy Weight, including Computer Assisted Diet Planning and Nutrition Analysis - hM strongly recommends using the information in the articles and healthy recipes provided on this website under the professional supervision of your doctor or registered dietitian . Whether you are seeking to improve your general health, reverse heart disease, control diabetes or your weight, always assume that getting professional advice from your MD or RD is best. NGBeditor
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Weight Loss Diets and the USDA's Food Pyramid as a Safety Reference
hM Health Care Video Selection: Mary Russell, MS, RN, director of nutrition services at the University of Chicago Medical Center, talks about dieting goals
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Dietary Guidelines:
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Whole Grain Bread Benefits
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The author, Dr Lawrence J. Cheskin, is the director of the Johns Hopkins Weight Management Center.
The Complete Food and Nutrion Guide, by the ADA
Category : Nutrition Information on Foods and Health Guidelines
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Weight Loss and Maintenance Planning - Institutional Views
Weight Loss and Maintenance Recommendations Summary.
Category : Health Care Books and Guides - Weight loss
Harvard Medical School Healthy Solutions to Lose Weight and Keep it Off

By Annaswany Raji M.B.B.S. M.M.Sc.
Disclosure:This ad space is sponsored by hM, the purchase of the above, contributes to keep hM going and keep membership free for everyone
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Contents of Article
   >> 1 - Abstract / Introduction
   >> 2 - Requirements
   >> 3 -The Food Pyramid
   >> 4 - Using the Food Groups
   >> 5 - A Practical Example
   >> 6 - References
   >> 7 - LInks to Relevant Scientific
or Medical Publications and Associations
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